I hold a BSc (Hons) from National University of Singapore, a PhD from SUNY at Buffalo and received postdoctoral training at Columbia University. For nearly three decades, I have led independent research groups across multiple institutions in Singapore, with a consistent focus on disease mechanisms and therapeutic development. My current research centers on extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly MSC-derived EVs, exploring their production, characterization, and clinical applications. I was named a Clarivate Highly Cited Researcher (2021–2024) and received the 2023 ISEV Special Achievement Award for Stem Cell EV Research. As an inventor, I hold over 100 granted patents across 12 families and have founded three biotech start-ups, one of which completed a Phase 1 clinical trial using topical MSC-exosomes for psoriasis in 2022.